What is the principle of solar panels?

Power generation principle

The sunlight shines on the pn junction of the semiconductor to form a new hole-electron pair. The holes flow from the p region to the n region under the action of the PN junction electric field, and the electrons flow from the n region to the p region. After the circuit is turned on, a current flows . This is the working principle of photoelectric effect solar cells.

Solar power generation Solar power generation in two ways, one is the light - heat - electricity conversion, the other is the light - electricity direct conversion.

(1) Light-Heat-Electric Conversion Method By utilizing the heat generated by solar radiation to generate electricity, it is common for solar collectors to convert all absorbed heat energy into vapor of working fluid to drive the steam turbine to generate electricity. The former process is the light - heat conversion process; the latter process is the heat - electricity conversion process.

(2) The direct conversion between light and electricity uses the photoelectric effect to directly convert solar radiation into electric energy, and the basic device for photoelectric conversion is a solar cell. A solar cell is a device that directly converts sunlight energy into electricity due to the photovoltaic effect. It is a semiconductor photodiode. When the sunlight shines on the photodiode, the photodiode turns the light energy of the sun into electricity and generates Current. When many batteries in series or in parallel can become a relatively large output power of the solar square.